Enlargement of the optic cup is referred to as optic cupping, and when it is seen on an eye exam, it is one of the main reasons patients are tested for glaucoma. However, there are also many patients who were born with an enlarged cup that do not have glaucoma at all. This is referred to as physiologic cupping. It becomes important to distinguish whether this optic cupping is important and signifies glaucoma or if it just happens to be a result of normal development.
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